Спряжение глагола «to work» (Английский язык)
Глагол to work – правильный глагол в английском языке, в переводе на русский означает: работать, трудиться, действовать, заниматься, потрудиться и др..
| Infinitive | to work |
|---|---|
| Simple past | worked |
| Past participle | worked |
| -s | works |
| -ing | working |
Work in present simple
Утверждение
Отрицание
He does not work
She does not work
It does not work
Вопрос
Does he work?
Does she work?
Does it work?
Work in present continuous
Утверждение
He is working
She is working
It is working
Отрицание
He is not working
She is not working
It is not working
Вопрос
Is he working?
Is she working?
Is it working?
Work in present perfect
Утверждение
He has worked
She has worked
It has worked
Отрицание
He has not worked
She has not worked
It has not worked
Вопрос
Has he worked?
Has she worked?
Has it worked?
Work in present perfect continuous
Утверждение
He has been working
She has been working
It has been working
Отрицание
You have not been working
He has not been working
She has not been working
It has not been working
You have not been working
They have not been working
Вопрос
Has he been working?
Has she been working?
Has it been working?
Work in past simple
Утверждение
Отрицание
He did not work
She did not work
It did not work
Вопрос
Did he work?
Did she work?
Did it work?
Work in past continuous
Утверждение
He was working
She was working
It was working
Отрицание
He was not working
She was not working
It was not working
Вопрос
Was he working?
Was she working?
Was it working?
Work in past perfect
Утверждение
He had worked
She had worked
It had worked
Отрицание
He had not worked
She had not worked
It had not worked
Вопрос
Had he worked?
Had she worked?
Had it worked?
Work in past perfect continuous
Утверждение
He had been working
She had been working
It had been working
Отрицание
He had not been working
She had not been working
It had not been working
They had not been working
Вопрос
Had he been working?
Had she been working?
Had it been working?
Work in future simple
Утверждение
He will work
She will work
It will work
Отрицание
He will not work
She will not work
It will not work
Вопрос
Will he work?
Will she work?
Will it work?
Work in future continuous
Утверждение
He will be working
She will be working
It will be working
Отрицание
He will not be working
She will not be working
It will not be working
Вопрос
Will he be working?
Will she be working?
Will it be working?
Work in future perfect
Утверждение
He will have worked
She will have worked
It will have worked
Отрицание
He will not have worked
She will not have worked
It will not have worked
They will not have worked
Вопрос
Will he have worked?
Will she have worked?
Will it have worked?
Work in future perfect continuous
Утверждение
You will have been working
He will have been working
She will have been working
It will have been working
We will have been working
You will have been working
They will have been working
Отрицание
I will not have been working
You will not have been working
He will not have been working
She will not have been working
It will not have been working
We will not have been working
You will not have been working
They will not have been working
Вопрос
Will you have been working?
Will he have been working?
Will she have been working?
Will it have been working?
Will we have been working?
Will you have been working?
Will they have been working?
Work in conditional present
Утверждение
He would work
She would work
It would work
Отрицание
He would not work
She would not work
It would not work
Вопрос
Would he work?
Would she work?
Would it work?
Work in conditional present progressive
Утверждение
He would be working
She would be working
It would be working
Отрицание
He would not be working
She would not be working
It would not be working
They would not be working
Вопрос
Would he be working?
Would she be working?
Would it be working?
Work in conditional perfect
Утверждение
He would have worked
She would have worked
It would have worked
Отрицание
You would not have worked
He would not have worked
She would not have worked
It would not have worked
You would not have worked
They would not have worked
Вопрос
Would he have worked?
Would she have worked?
Would it have worked?
Work in conditional perfect progressive
Утверждение
I would have been working
You would have been working
He would have been working
She would have been working
It would have been working
We would have been working
You would have been working
They would have been working
Отрицание
I would not have been working
You would not have been working
He would not have been working
She would not have been working
It would not have been working
We would not have been working
You would not have been working
They would not have been working
Вопрос
Would I have been working?
Would you have been working?
Would he have been working?
Would she have been working?
Would it have been working?
Глагол work в английском языке
Перевод work с английского на русский
- работать (действовать, функционировать, трудиться, сработать, поработать, срабатывать)
- заниматься
- проработать (отработать, прорабатывать, отрабатывать)
Примеры
- work very well (работать очень хорошо )
- work more effectively (работать более эффективно )
- work alone (действовать в одиночку )
- work correctly (функционировать правильно )
- work today (сработать сегодня )
- work tomorrow (поработать завтра )
- work automatically (срабатывать автоматически )
- work independently (заниматься самостоятельно )
3 формы глагола с транскрипцией
| Base Form Инфинитив | Past Simple 2-ая форма |
Past Participle 3-ая форма (Причастие прошедшего времени) |
Gerund Герундий |
|---|---|---|---|
| work | worked | worked | working |
| [wɜːrk] | [ˈwɜːkt] | [ˈwɜːkt] | [ˈwɜːrkɪŋ] |
| [wɜːk] | [ˈwɜːkt] | [ˈwɜːkt] | [ˈwɜːkɪŋ] |
Тренажёр спряжения для запоминая форм
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Спряжение work в английском языке во всех временах, лицах и числах
Simple Tense — Простое (неопределенное) время
Present Simple
Простое настоящее
- I work
- you work
- he, she works
- we work
- you work
- they work
Past Simple
Простое прошедшее
- I worked
- you worked
- he, she worked
- we worked
- you worked
- they worked
Future Simple
Простое будущее
- I will work
- you will work
- he, she will work
- we will work
- you will work
- they will work
Continuous Tense — Длительное время
Present Simple Continuous
Настоящее длительное
- I am working
- you are working
- he, she is working
- we are working
- you are working
- they are working
Past Simple Continuous
Прошедшее длительное
- I was working
- you were working
- he, she was working
- we were working
- you were working
- they were working
Future Simple Continuous
Будущее длительное
- I will be working
- you will be working
- he, she will be working
- we will be working
- you will be working
- they will be working
Perfect Tense — Совершенное время
Present Perfect
Настоящее совершенное
- I have worked ; wrought
- you have worked ; wrought
- he, she has worked ; wrought
- we have worked ; wrought
- you have worked ; wrought
- they have worked ; wrought
Past Perfect
Прошедшее совершенное
- I had worked ; wrought
- you had worked ; wrought
- he, she had worked ; wrought
- we had worked ; wrought
- you had worked ; wrought
- they had worked ; wrought
Future Perfect
Будущее совершенное
- I will have worked ; wrought
- you will have worked ; wrought
- he, she will have worked ; wrought
- we will have worked ; wrought
- you will have worked ; wrought
- they will have worked ; wrought
Perfect Continuous Tense — Длительное совершенное время
Present Perfect Continuous
Настоящее совершенное длительное
- I have been working
- you have been working
- he, she has been working
- we have been working
- you have been working
- they have been working
Past Perfect Continuous
Прошедшее совершенное длительное
- I had been working
- you had been working
- he, she had been working
- we had been working
- you had been working
- they had been working
Future Perfect Continuous
Будущее совершенное длительное
- I will have been working
- you will have been working
- he, she will have been working
- we will have been working
- you will have been working
- they will have been working
Conditional — Условное наклонение
- I would work
- you would work
- he, she would work
- we would work
- you would work
- they would work
- I would have worked ; wrought
- you would have worked ; wrought
- he, she would have worked ; wrought
- we would have worked ; wrought
- you would have worked ; wrought
- they would have worked ; wrought
- I would be working
- you would be working
- he, she would be working
- we would be working
- you would be working
- they would be working
- I would have been working
- you would have been working
- he, she would have been working
- we would have been working
- you would have been working
- they would have been working
Источник статьи: http://linguabooster.com/ru/en/verb/work
Work в present continuous как пишется
работа, труд, деятельность, произведение, сочинение, творчество, дело, работать, действовать, функционировать, трудиться, сработать, поработать, срабатывать, заниматься, проработать, отработать, прорабатывать, отрабатывать, рабочий
Реализовано с помощью сервиса «API «Яндекс.Словарь»
Present
I work
you work
he works
we work
you work
they work
Present continuous
Past simple
I have worked
you have worked
he has worked
we have worked
you have worked
they have worked
Past continuous
I have been working
you have been working
he has been working
we have been working
you have been working
they have been working
Present perfect
I will work
you will work
he will work
we will work
you will work
they will work
Present perfect continuous
I will be working
you will be working
he will be working
we will be working
you will be working
they will be working
Past perfect
I will have worked
you will have worked
he will have worked
we will have worked
you will have worked
they will have worked
Past perfect continuous
I will have been working
you will have been working
he will have been working
we will have been working
you will have been working
they will have been working
Future
Future continuous
I had worked
you had worked
he had worked
we had worked
you had worked
they had worked
Future perfect
I had been working
you had been working
he had been working
we had been working
you had been working
they had been working
Future perfect continuous
Present
I would work
you would work
he would work
we would work
you would work
they would work
Present continuous
I would be working
you would be working
he would be working
we would be working
you would be working
they would be working
I would have worked
you would have worked
he would have worked
we would have worked
you would have worked
they would have worked
Past continuous
I would have been working
you would have been working
he would have been working
we would have been working
you would have been working
they would have been working
Источник статьи: http://conjugation.ru/english/?verbe=work
Work в present continuous как пишется
Реализовано с помощью сервиса «API «Яндекс.Словарь»
Present
I work
you work
he works
we work
you work
they work
Present continuous
Past simple
I have worked
you have worked
he has worked
we have worked
you have worked
they have worked
Past continuous
I have been working
you have been working
he has been working
we have been working
you have been working
they have been working
Present perfect
I will work
you will work
he will work
we will work
you will work
they will work
Present perfect continuous
I will be working
you will be working
he will be working
we will be working
you will be working
they will be working
Past perfect
I will have worked
you will have worked
he will have worked
we will have worked
you will have worked
they will have worked
Past perfect continuous
I will have been working
you will have been working
he will have been working
we will have been working
you will have been working
they will have been working
Future
Future continuous
I had worked
you had worked
he had worked
we had worked
you had worked
they had worked
Future perfect
I had been working
you had been working
he had been working
we had been working
you had been working
they had been working
Future perfect continuous
Present
I would work
you would work
he would work
we would work
you would work
they would work
Present continuous
I would be working
you would be working
he would be working
we would be working
you would be working
they would be working
I would have worked
you would have worked
he would have worked
we would have worked
you would have worked
they would have worked
Past continuous
I would have been working
you would have been working
he would have been working
we would have been working
you would have been working
they would have been working
Источник статьи: http://conjugation.ru/english/?verbe=to+work
Спряжение и склонение «work» в английском
Склонение существительного work [wə:k] мн. works 
работа, труд, произведение
работа, труд, произведение Спряжение глагола work [wə:k] worked / worked / working / works работать, действовать, срабатывать
I work
you work
he/she/it works
we work
you work
they work
I have worked
you have worked
he/she/it has worked
we have worked
you have worked
they have worked
I am working
you are working
he/she/it is working
we are working
you are working
they are working
Present Perfect Continuous
I have been working
you have been working
he/she/it has been working
we have been working
you have been working
they have been working
I worked
you worked
he/she/it worked
we worked
you worked
they worked
I was working
you were working
he/she/it was working
we were working
you were working
they were working
I had worked
you had worked
he/she/it had worked
we had worked
you had worked
they had worked
I had been working
you had been working
he/she/it had been working
we had been working
you had been working
they had been working
I will work
you will work
he/she/it will work
we will work
you will work
they will work
I will be working
you will be working
he/she/it will be working
we will be working
you will be working
they will be working
I will have worked
you will have worked
he/she/it will have worked
we will have worked
you will have worked
they will have worked
Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been working
you will have been working
he/she/it will have been working
we will have been working
you will have been working
they will have been working
I would work
you would work
he/she/it would work
we would work
you would work
they would work
Conditional Present Continuous
I would be working
you would be working
he/she/it would be working
we would be working
you would be working
they would be working
I would have worked
you would have worked
he/she/it would have worked
we would have worked
you would have worked
they would have worked
Conditional Perfect Continuous
I would have been working
you would have been working
he/she/it would have been working
we would have been working
you would have been working
they would have been working
to work
to have worked
to be working
to have been working
Work в present continuous как пишется
Реализовано с помощью сервиса «API «Яндекс.Словарь»
Present
I work
you work
he works
we work
you work
they work
Present continuous
Past simple
I have worked
you have worked
he has worked
we have worked
you have worked
they have worked
Past continuous
I have been working
you have been working
he has been working
we have been working
you have been working
they have been working
Present perfect
I will work
you will work
he will work
we will work
you will work
they will work
Present perfect continuous
I will be working
you will be working
he will be working
we will be working
you will be working
they will be working
Past perfect
I will have worked
you will have worked
he will have worked
we will have worked
you will have worked
they will have worked
Past perfect continuous
I will have been working
you will have been working
he will have been working
we will have been working
you will have been working
they will have been working
Future
Future continuous
I had worked
you had worked
he had worked
we had worked
you had worked
they had worked
Future perfect
I had been working
you had been working
he had been working
we had been working
you had been working
they had been working
Future perfect continuous
Present
I would work
you would work
he would work
we would work
you would work
they would work
Present continuous
I would be working
you would be working
he would be working
we would be working
you would be working
they would be working
I would have worked
you would have worked
he would have worked
we would have worked
you would have worked
they would have worked
Past continuous
I would have been working
you would have been working
he would have been working
we would have been working
you would have been working
they would have been working
Источник статьи: http://conjugation.ru/english/?verbe=to+work
Спряжение глагола «go to work» в английском
Спряжение глагола go to work went to work / gone to work / going to work / goes to work идти на работу, пойти на работу, идти на работу/пойти на работу
I go to work
you go to work
he/she/it goes to work
we go to work
you go to work
they go to work
I have gone to work
you have gone to work
he/she/it has gone to work
we have gone to work
you have gone to work
they have gone to work
I am going to work
you are going to work
he/she/it is going to work
we are going to work
you are going to work
they are going to work
Present Perfect Continuous
I have been going to work
you have been going to work
he/she/it has been going to work
we have been going to work
you have been going to work
they have been going to work
I went to work
you went to work
he/she/it went to work
we went to work
you went to work
they went to work
I was going to work
you were going to work
he/she/it was going to work
we were going to work
you were going to work
they were going to work
I had gone to work
you had gone to work
he/she/it had gone to work
we had gone to work
you had gone to work
they had gone to work
I had been going to work
you had been going to work
he/she/it had been going to work
we had been going to work
you had been going to work
they had been going to work
I will go to work
you will go to work
he/she/it will go to work
we will go to work
you will go to work
they will go to work
I will be going to work
you will be going to work
he/she/it will be going to work
we will be going to work
you will be going to work
they will be going to work
I will have gone to work
you will have gone to work
he/she/it will have gone to work
we will have gone to work
you will have gone to work
they will have gone to work
Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been going to work
you will have been going to work
he/she/it will have been going to work
we will have been going to work
you will have been going to work
they will have been going to work
I would go to work
you would go to work
he/she/it would go to work
we would go to work
you would go to work
they would go to work
Conditional Present Continuous
I would be going to work
you would be going to work
he/she/it would be going to work
we would be going to work
you would be going to work
they would be going to work
I would have gone to work
you would have gone to work
he/she/it would have gone to work
we would have gone to work
you would have gone to work
they would have gone to work
Conditional Perfect Continuous
I would have been going to work
you would have been going to work
he/she/it would have been going to work
we would have been going to work
you would have been going to work
they would have been going to work
gone to work
going to work
to go to work
to have gone to work
to be going to work
to have been going to work
3 формы глагола work
Английский глагол work [ˈwɜːk], переводится как: работать.
Входит в группы: правильные глаголы.
3 формы глагола work: Infinitive (work), Past Simple — (worked), Past Participle — (worked).
📚 Глагол work имеет значения: работать, трудиться, служить, действовать, быть в исправности, двигаться, шевелиться, быть в движении, устраивать, творить, создавать.
Формы глагола work в прошедшем времени
👉 Формы глагола work в настоящем и прошедшем времени 2-я и 3-я форма.
❓ Как будет work в прошедшем времени past simple.
Три формы глагола work
Как поставить work во 2-ю и 3-ю форму?
🎓 Как поставить глагол work в Past Simple, Future Simple, Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Future Perfect?
👉 Всё очень просто, в этих временах прошедшего, будущего и совершённого времени, в английском используются 2я и 3я форма глагола:
- First form (V1) — work. (Present simple, Future Simple)
- Second form (V2) — worked, wrought. (Past simple)
- Third form (V3) — worked, wrought. (Present perfect, Past perfect)
Как поставить work в past simple?
Если вы не совсем поняли какую форму для work нужно использовать в прошедшем времени, будет: work в past simple — worked, wrought.
What is the past tense of work?
The past tense of work is worked or wrought.
The past participle of work is worked or wrought.
Временные формы глагола — Verb Tenses
Past simple — work в past simple, будет worked, wrought. (V2)
Future simple — work в future simple будет work. (will + V1)
Present Perfect — work в present perfect будет worked, wrought. (have\has + V3)
Past Perfect — work в past perfect будет worked, wrought. (had + V3)
Правильный или неправильный глагол work?
👉 Правильный это глагол ли нет? Глагол work это правильный глагол.
Примеры применения глагола work
-
All he has to do is to work harder — Все, что ему нужно, это работать более усердно. (Present Simple) You worked with her at Green-Star — Ты работал с ней в Грин-Стар. (Past Simple) She has never worked in a hospital before — Прежде она никогда не работала в больнице. (Present Perfect) This is the school where she works as a teacher — Это школа, в которой она работает учителем. (Present Simple) We know that because their friend works with kids — Мы знаем это, потому что их друг работает с детьми (Present Simple) Mark worked here last summer — Марк работал здесь прошлым летом. (Past Simple) The best clients I ever worked on — Лучшие клиенты, с которыми я когда-либо работал. (Past Simple) She was working in the bedroom while Tom was working in the kitchen — Она работала на спальне, пока Том работал на кухне. (Past Continuous) Must be something Matilda was working on — Должно быть что-то, над чем работала Матильда. (Past Continuous) Something we give you will definitely work — Что-то, что мы даем тебе, точно будет работать. (Future Simple)
Вместе с work, часто смотрят глаголы see and bite.
Источник статьи: http://english-verbs.ru/grammar/work
Present Continuous — настоящее длительное время в английском языке
Present Continuous многим студентам кажется непонятным, потому что такого аналога в нашем родном языке нет. Давайте разберемся, как образуется и в каких случаях используется настоящее длительное время, чтобы раз и навсегда с ним подружиться.
Настоящее длительное время (Present Continuous) в некоторых учебниках называется Present Progressive — помните, что это одно и то же. Чаще всего Present Continuous описывает действие, которое происходит в течение какого-то промежутка времени в настоящем. Но у этого времени есть и другие функции. Мы покажем, как правильно его использовать в зависимости от конкретной ситуации.
Как образуется время Present Continuous
Время Present Continuous образуется по схеме:
| Подлежащее + am/is/are + основной глагол-ing |
Чтобы не ошибиться в написании глагола с окончанием -ing, обратите внимание на следующие правила:
- если глагол оканчивается на гласную -e, то она опускается: bake – baking;
- когда глагол оканчивается на гласные -ie, они меняются на -y: tie – tying;
- если глагол оканчивается на одну согласную букву, перед которой есть ударный гласный звук, то согласная буква на конце удваивается: let – letting, begin – beginning, regret – regretting.
She is petting her dog now. — Она сейчас гладит свою собаку.
В отрицательном предложении между вспомогательным и основным глаголами ставится частица not.
She is not (isn’t) petting her dog now. — Она сейчас не гладит свою собаку.
В вопросительном предложении вспомогательный глагол ставится на первое место, затем следуют подлежащее и основная форма глагола.
Is she petting her dog now? — Она сейчас гладит свою собаку?
Ниже вы можете видеть, как образуется Present Continuous в утвердительных, отрицательных и вопросительных предложениях.
Случаи употребления Present Continuous
Рассмотрим примеры употребления Present Continuous, начиная с самых простых и постепенно продвигаясь к более сложным.
Для начального и среднего уровней
- Время Present Continuous используется для описания действия, которое происходит в текущий момент времени:
Listen! The music is playing. — Слушай! Музыка играет.
Hush! The kids are sleeping. — Ш-ш! Дети спят.
В такой ситуации часто встречаются слова-маркеры: now (сейчас), right now (в эту самую минуту), at the moment (в данный момент), at present (в настоящее время). Это своего рода указатели на настоящее длительное время.
Steve is watching TV at the moment. — Сейчас Стив смотрит телевизор.
Present Continuous используется для описания длительных действий в настоящем, даже если они не происходят в момент речи. То есть на протяжении какого-то времени мы периодически выполняем это действие:
Jessica is learning French. — Джессика учит французский. (она занимается изучением французского уже какое-то время и будет продолжать учить его, но она не занята изучением французского прямо сейчас)
В этой ситуации также часто встречаются такие слова-маркеры Present Continuous, как now, these days, currently. Они переводятся «сейчас», «на текущий момент».
Pete is currently training to participate in the Olympics. — Пит сейчас тренируется для участия в Олимпийский играх. (он сейчас ходит на тренировки и будет продолжать их до Олимпийских игр, но прямо сейчас он не на тренировке)
Present Continuous используется для описания изменений, происходящих в какой-то ситуации, и процесса развития. В таких конструкциях действие часто передается глаголами to get (становиться), to increase (увеличивать/увеличиваться), to decrease (уменьшать/уменьшаться), to rise (подниматься), to fall (падать), to start (начинать/начинаться), to change (менять/меняться) и т. д.
An average day temperature is slowly increasing. — Средняя температура постепенно увеличивается.
The petrol is getting cheaper day by day. — С каждым днем топливо дешевеет.
Present Continuous может использоваться для обозначения событий ближайшего будущего, но только в том случае, если это касается запланированных действий. На будущее в подобных предложениях указывают время, дни недели или слова tomorrow (завтра), next week (на следующей неделе), next month (в следующем месяце), next year (в следующем году).
Cris is buying a new phone tomorrow. — Завтра Крис купит новый телефон. (он уже выбрал модель, отложил на телефон деньги)
We are flying to India next week. — На следующей неделе мы летим в Индию. (поездка уже запланирована, билеты куплены, путешествие точно состоится)
Говоря о ближайшем будущем, мы зачастую используем глаголы движения: to go (идти), to leave (уходить), to come (приходить). Эти глаголы показывают, что действие будет произведено незамедлительно или в ближайшем будущем.
I don’t feel well. I am going to bed. — Я нехорошо себя чувствую. Я иду спать. (я совершу это действие незамедлительно)
I‘m coming in 5 minutes. Can you meet me up? — Я приду через 5 минут. Встретишь меня? (я уже в пути и вот-вот приду.)
Present Continuous помогает выразить недовольство или раздражение при употреблении его со словами constantly (постоянно), all the time (все время), always (всегда). Так мы показываем, что какое-то регулярное или часто происходящее действие вызывает отрицательные эмоции.
Susan is always leaving her coffee mug in the sink. — Сьюзан постоянно оставляет свою чашку для кофе в раковине. (действие совершается регулярно, и говорящий недоволен этой ситуацией)
Существуют глаголы, которые не употребляются в Present Continuous. Речь идет о глаголах состояния (stative verbs), которые выражают чувства и мыслительные процессы: to know (знать), to forget (забывать), to notice (замечать), to understand (понимать), to recognise (узнавать), to remember (помнить), to love (любить), to hate (ненавидеть), to want (хотеть), to need (нуждаться), to believe (верить), to hear (слышать) и т. д.
I know which bus to take to get home. — Я знаю, на какой автобус нужно сесть, чтобы доехать до дома. (знание — это мое состояние, а не действие)
Для высокого уровня
Настоящее длительное время в английском языке может употребляться также в следующих ситуациях:
-
Есть глаголы, которые в одном значении являются глаголами состояния и не могут использоваться в настоящем длительном времени, а в другом значении выступают как глаголы действия и могут использоваться в Present Continuous. Давайте разберемся на примерах:
to think — считать, полагать (состояние) и to think — размышлять (действие)
to see — видеть (состояние) и to see — встречаться, видеться (действие)
to have — иметь (состояние) и to have как часть устойчивого выражения, например, to have breakfast (завтракать), to have a good time (хорошо проводить время)
I think it is a nice jacket. — Я считаю, что это хорошая куртка. (это мое мнение)
What are you thinking about? — О чем ты думаешь? (в данный момент)
Употребление формы Present Continuous с некоторыми глаголами состояния (to attract — привлекать, to like — нравиться, to love — любить) возможно в том случае, когда говорящий хочет подчеркнуть временность своих ощущений.
Usually I don’t like music festivals, but I am loving this one. — Мне обычно не нравятся музыкальные фестивали, но этот я обожаю. (говорящий подчеркивает, что именно этот фестиваль сейчас ему нравится.)
Некоторые глаголы, описывающие мыслительные процессы (to realise — осознавать, to understand — понимать, to regret — сожалеть), мы используем в Present Continuous, чтобы подчеркнуть, что мы только начали думать о чем либо и еще не сформировали свое окончательное мнение.
I‘m realising how wrong I was. — Я начал понимать, как был неправ.
Глаголы, которые описывают физические ощущения (to feel — чувствовать, to hurt / to ache — болеть), могут быть употреблены как в Present Simple, так и в Present Continuous без особой разницы в значении.
I am feeling sad today. = I feel sad today. — Мне сегодня грустно.
My head is aching. = My head aches. — У меня голова болит.
Статичный глагол to be мы тоже можем использовать в Present Continuous, если хотим подчеркнуть, что поведение человека для него нехарактерно.
He is being weird after he lost his job. — Он ведет себя странно после того, как потерял работу. (то есть обычно он ведет себя по-другому)
Мы можем использовать времена Present Continuous и Present Simple совместно, чтобы наша история звучала более динамично. В этом случае действие в Present Simple происходит на фоне действия в Present Continuous, прерывая его и создавая ощущение внезапности.
Two guys are walking through a game park and they come across a lion that has not eaten for days. — Два парня идут по парку диких животных, как вдруг натыкаются на льва, который не ел несколько дней.
Как не перепутать Present Continuous и Present Simple
Стоит рассмотреть самые распространенные ситуации, в которых одно время из группы Present можно принять за другое:
-
Present Continuous применяется для описания ситуаций и действий, которые говорящий считает временными. Present Simple описывает ситуации, которые говорящий воспринимает как постоянные.
Linda is working at the ice cream shop during summer. — Летом Линда работает в магазине мороженого. (когда лето закончится, Линда больше не будет работать в этом месте)
Sam works as a manager at the ice cream shop. — Сэм работает управляющим в магазине мороженого. (это его постоянная работа)
Если мы описываем повторяющиеся действия, которые связаны с настоящим моментом, используем Present Continuous. А если с настоящим моментом они не связаны, употребляем Present Simple.
I‘m speaking with my mom a lot these days. — В последнее время я часто говорю с мамой по телефону. (есть связь с текущим моментом)
I speak with my aunt who lives in New York twice a year. — Дважды в год я разговариваю со своей тетей, которая живет в Нью-Йорке. (нет связи с настоящим моментом)
Present Continuous описывает действие, происходящее в настоящий момент. Present Simple используется для описания фактов, которые остаются верными в любой момент времени.
Kathy is speaking with her father at the moment. — Сейчас Кэти говорит со своим отцом. (она говорит в настоящий момент времени, разговор будет закончен)
Kathy speaks English. — Кэти говорит по-английски. (она умеет говорить по-английски, это утверждение остается фактом в любой момент времени)
Предлагаем пройти тест, чтобы закрепить правила употребления времени Present Continuous.
Источник статьи: http://englex.ru/present-continuous-tense/
Present Continuous — Настоящее продолженное время в английском языке
Правила образования Present Continuous в английском языке
Утвердительная форма Present Continuous (настоящего продолженного времени) образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в настоящем времени (am, is, are) и инфинитива без to с окончанием -ing (Participle I — причастие I или причастие настоящего времени). Это можно представить в виде формулы:
to be (изменяемая часть am, is, are) + инфинитив без to (speak) + -ing speak+ink=speaking
I am speaking now.
She is speaking now.
They are speaking now.
Заметьте:
Глаголы, выражающие чувства восприятия и умственную деятельность, а также некоторые другие глаголы во временах группы Continuous не употребляются. Это: to want — хотеть, to like — нравиться, to love — любить, to wish — желать, to see — видеть, to hear — слышать, to feel — чувствовать, to notice — замечать, to remember — помнить, to recognize — узнавать, to forget — забывать, to seem — казаться, to be — быть и др.
Отрицательная форма образуется при помощи прибавления отрицания not к вспомогательному глаголу to be.
I am not working. Я не работаю.
He is not working. Он не работает.
We are not working. Мы не работаем.
They are not working. Они не работают.
а) вспомогательный глагол to be (am, is, are) подвергается сокращению, отрицание not остается без изменения.
I’m not working now. Я не работаю сейчас.
He’s not working now. Он не работает сейчас.
You’ re not working now. Вы не работаете сейчас.
б) отрицательная частица not сливается со вспомогательным глаголом, буква o выпадает:
Не isn’t [iznt] working now. Он не работает сейчас.
We aren’t [a:nt] writing now. Мы не пишем сейчас.
Вопросительная форма образуется путем перестановки вспомогательного глагола и подлежащего — вспомогательный глагол to be ставится перед подлежащим.
Is he writing now? Он сейчас пишет?
Are they reading? Они читают?
При наличии вопросительного слова оно ставится перед вспомогательным глаголом to be.
What are you doing now? Что вы делаете сейчас?
Where is he working? Где он работает?
Заметьте:
Если два глагола в Present Continuous имеют одно подлежащее и объединяются союзом and, то вспомогательный глагол перед вторым, основным, глаголом в Continuous опускается.
She is sitting on the bench now and talking with Mr. Brown.
Сейчас она сидит на скамейке и разговаривает с г-ном Брауном.
Правила написания
- Если глагол оканчивается на одну букву -e, то перед -ing эта -e опускается: hate —hating, take — taking.
- Если глагол оканчивается на -ee, то изменений не происходит. Окончание -ing прибавляют к основному глаголу: see — seeing, agree — agreeing.
- Если перед конечной согласной стоит краткая гласная, то при прибавлении окончания -ing конечная согласная удваивается: run — running, swim — swimming.
- Если глагол состоит из двух и более слогов и на последний слог, который состоит из одной гласной перед конечной согласной, падает ударение, то конечная согласная удваивается: begin — beginning, admit — admitting.
- enter — entering (ударение на последний слог не падает);
- последняя буква -l после гласной (если гласная одна) в британском варианте всегда удваивается, независимо от ударения: travel — travelling, signal — signalling.
Спряжение глаголов to work, to write в Present Continuous
| Утвердительная форма (Affirmative form) | Отрицательная форма (Negative form) | Вопросительная форма (Interrogative form) | |||
| I am he is she is it is we are you are they are |
working writing |
I am not he is not she is not it is not we are not you are not they are not |
working writing |
Am I Is he Is she Is it Are we Are you Are they ; |
working? writing? |
Употребление
Present Continuous употребляется:
- 1. Для выражения действия, которое происходит в настоящий момент речи, что подразумевается из контекста или выражается такими словами, как now — сейчас, at (the) present (moment) — в настоящий момент, at this moment — в данный момент и т. п.
What are you doing (now)? — Что ты делаешь (сейчас)?
I am cooking. Come and have supper with us. Готовлю (на кухне). Приходи к нам ужинать.
Заметьте:
В принципе, наличие слов, обозначающих момент речи, в английском предложении не обязательно, так как сама форма времени показывает, что действие происходит в момент речи. В русском языке совпадение действия с моментом речи либо ясно из контекста, либо уточняется словами сейчас, в данный момент и т. п.
- 2. Для выражения продолженного действия, которое происходит не обязательно в момент разговора, но носит постоянный характер.
I am reading a novel by К. Simonov.
Я читаю роман К. Симонова. (Действие в процессе, растянуто во времени.)
They are learning two foreign languages at the new gymnazium.
В новой гимназии они изучают два иностранных языка.
Не is teaching English and learning French. Он преподает английский и изучает французский.
- 3. Для выражения заранее намеченного, запланированного действия, которое совершится в будущем, часто ближайшем.
Are you doing anything tonight? Ты что-нибудь делаешь сегодня вечером?
Yes, I am going to my judo class and (I’m) meeting my friends afterwards.
Да, я иду на занятия дзюдо, затем встречаюсь со своими друзьями. (Так запланировано.)
She is leaving at the end of the week. Она уезжает в конце недели. (Так намечено, решено.)
- 4. С наречиемalways для выражения постоянно повторяющегося действия, которое у говорящего вызывает раздражение, осуждение и даже возмущение.
Не is always going away for weekends. Вечно он уезжает на выходные.
Сравните:
Не always goes away for weekends. Он всегда уезжает на выходные.
Употребление Simple Present/Present Indefinite вместо Present Continuous изменяет эмоциональное отношение говорящего к происходящему и воспринимается последним как обычное нормальное явление, как факт действия.
Present Continuous, как правило, не употребляется:
- 1. С глаголами, выражающими чувства восприятия: to see — видеть, to hear — слышать, to notice — замечать, to smell — пахнуть, to feel — чувствовать, to recognize — узнавать, to listen (to) — слушать, to watch — наблюдать.
Но: Present Continuous употребляется:
а) с глаголом to see в значении «встречаться по делу», в значении «посещать» какие-то места, связанные с туризмом, а также в значении «заботиться».
The director is seeing the applicants this morning. Директор встречается с абитуриентами сегодня утром.
Не is seeing the sights. He’ll be back later. Он осматривает достопримечательности. Он вернётся позже.
Не is seeing about tickets for tonight. Он достаёт билеты на сегодняшний вечер.
б) с глаголами to listen, to look, to watch и иногда to smell, если выражается намеренное действие.
Why are you looking at this furcoat? Зачем ты смотришь на эту шубу?
It’s far too expensive. I see one in the corner that would suit you much better. Она слишком дорогая. Я вижу шубу в углу, которая больше подойдёт тебе.
Don’t disturb him now, he is listening to the «radio-fact». Не беспокойте его, он слушает, «радио-факт».
в) с глаголом to hear в значении «получать информацию о чем-то или от кого-то».
I’ve been hearing all about this accident.
Я слышал (узнал) всё об этом несчастном случае.
- 2. С глаголами, выражающими эмоции: to want — хотеть, to desire — желать, to refuse — отказывать, to forgive — прощать, to wish — желать, to hate — ненавидеть, to like — нравиться, to love — любить.
НО: С глаголом to like в значении «нравиться» Present Continuous употребляется.
How are you liking this hot weather? Как тебе нравится эта жара?
Are you liking this nice trip on the sea? Вам нравится это великолепное путешествие по морю?
Yes, I love it. Да (очень нравится).
(No, I hate it). (Нет, не нравится.)
Источник статьи: http://catchenglish.ru/grammatika/present-continuous.html